Chronic idiopathic urticaria is a medical term used to describe hives that occur at least twice a week and last for more than 6 weeks. These hives are patches of skin or bumps that can be very itchy and may appear swollen. The term “idiopathic” is used when there is no identifiable cause for the condition. It is also known as spontaneous urticaria in some medical circles. Most people with idiopathic urticaria experience hives that last for a few minutes to a few hours, with the majority clearing up within 24 hours. However, if hives persist for 6 weeks or longer, it is likely chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Common symptoms of chronic idiopathic urticaria include a rash of smooth, raised welts that vary in size and shape. These hives may cause itching, burning, or stinging sensations, and feel warm to the touch. They can run together to form large, raised patches on the skin, and may also appear on the eyelids, mouth, or other moist areas of the body. While some people may experience hives in a few localized areas, others may have hives that cover a significant portion of their body.
The exact cause of chronic idiopathic urticaria is not fully understood by medical professionals. However, some believe it may be due to a dysfunction in the autoimmune system. Histamine, a chemical released by the body in response to threats, plays a role in the modulation of allergic reactions. In some cases, the immune system mistakenly releases histamine even when there is no threat present, resulting in an allergic reaction and the development of hives. Common triggers for histamine release leading to hives include allergic reactions, exposure to extreme temperatures, stress, pressure on the skin, or scratching.
Treatment for chronic idiopathic urticaria aims to control itching, prevent new hives from developing, and avoid triggers that cause hives. Dermatologists may recommend soothing lotions or anti-itch creams, antihistamines to control itching and swelling, corticosteroids for severe cases, or omalizumab injections for chronic hives. In some cases, light therapy may be used to help treat the condition. Additionally, keeping a food diary and tracking potential triggers can help determine if certain foods are causing the hives. Skin prick tests may also be conducted to identify specific food allergies contributing to the condition.
Chronic idiopathic urticaria is a persistent condition characterized by the development of hives that last for an extended period. While the exact cause remains unknown, various factors such as autoimmune dysfunction, histamine release, and allergic reactions may contribute to its onset. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms with medication, avoiding triggers, and practicing proper self-care. By understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for chronic idiopathic urticaria, individuals can effectively manage and alleviate the discomfort associated with this skin condition.
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